Object Modeling and User Interface Design

Mark Van Harmelen

452 pages, parution le 01/05/2001

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Résumé

Object Modeling and User Interface Design: Designing Interactive Systems addresses the problem of designing interactive systems that are easy to learn and use, that augment human abilities by supporting users in their activities, and that are satisfying to their end users--topics that are highly significant for analysts and designers of interactive systems, object modelers, user interface designers, and software design methodologists.

This book showcases the vanguard of new methods for object-oriented and component-based interactive system development, incorporating contributions from international experts in object modeling and human computer interaction. It shows how object modeling approaches can be modified to bring user interface concerns into the earliest stages of the software design life cycle, where they have the greatest possible effect on subsequent system design and on system usability for end users. Adopting the perspective that system scope, contents, functionality, and detailed user interface are all inextricably interrelated, this book provides methods for integrated and concurrent consideration of user requirements, analysis-level object models, interaction modeling, detailed user interface design, and interactive system usability. The methods integrate the best applicable user interface design practice with object modeling techniques that use the Unified Modeling Language (UML).

Major themes covered in the book include user participation in modeling, scenario- and task-based design, use case based design, and user-centered design. Ten individual chapters cover specific topics such as:

Modeling of business concepts by users
The use of scenarios and task descriptions to build object models of interactive systems
New notations for Structured Essential Use Cases in the Software For Use method
User interface design in the Rational Unified Process (RUP)
User-centered approaches to interactive system design
The theory underpinning the practice of interactive system design

Object Modeling and User Interface Design merges theories with practical techniques to create methods for the design of today's systems. By reading this book you will gain an understanding of the benefits of integrating object-oriented analysis approaches with human computer interaction design, and learn how to systematically design interactive systems for their human users.

The contributors whose work appears here are: John Artim; Larry Constantine and Lucy Lockwood; Jan Gulliksen, Bengt Goeransson and Magnus Lif; William Hudson; Philippe Kruchten, Stefan Ahlqvist, and Stepha Bylund; Simon McGinnes and Johnny Amos; Nuno Nunes and Joao Cunha; Mary Beth Rosson and John Carroll; and Mark van Harmelen.

Contents

I. PARTICIPATIVE MODELING.

1. Accelerated Business Concept Modeling: Combining User Interface Design with Object Modeling, Simon McGinnes and Johnny Amos.

Introduction.
Mental Models, Business Concepts, and Object Models.
Barriers and Enablers.
Framework.
Dynamic System Development Method (DSDM).
Facilitated Workshops.
Accelerated Business Concept Modeling.
Philosophy.
Integrating User Interface Design and Modeling.
Reducing Design Choice.
Experience in Commercial Organizations.
Introduction.
Experiment.
Qualitative Results.
Quantitative Results.
Combining the Results.
Further Work.
References.

II. SCENARIO- AND TASK-BASED DESIGN.

2. Scenarios, Objects, and Points of View in User Interface Design, Mary Beth Rosson and John M. Carroll.

Introduction.
Designing with Objects.
Responsibility-Driven Design.
Task-Object Interactions in Scenario-Based Design.
An Example: The Virtual Science Fair.
Developing Basic User Interaction Scenarios for the VSF.
Elaborating VSF Scenarios with an Object Perspective.
Trade-offs Suggested by Objects and Their POVs.
User Interactions in the VSF Scenarios.
Trade-offs in Object-Oriented User Interaction.
Discussion.
Model-First Design.
Refining the Object Metaphor.
Tools for Scenario-Based Design.
Conclusion.
References.

3. Designing with Idiom, Mark van Harmelen.

Introduction.
Idiom.
Designing and Specifying User Interfaces with Idiom.
Early Work with Users and the Domain.
Scenario Generation.
Coarse-Grained Task Modeling.
Interaction Exploration Using Sequence Diagrams.
Describing Tasks and Identifying Referents.
The Domain Model.
Visualization Using Sketches.
Formulating Descriptions of the Interactive System.
The Core Model.
Finer-Grained Task Models.
View Models.
Concrete User Interface Design.
Interaction Sequences.
Prototypes.
Generation of Use Cases.
Conclusions.
How Does Idiom Perform?
Future Improvements.
Idiom as an Accommodating Framework.
Acknowledgments.
References.

4. Entity, Task, and Presenter Classification in User Interface Architecture: An Approach to Organizing HCI Practice, John M. Artim.

Introduction.
CHI97 Workshop Framework.
Organizing Descriptions.
Architecture.
System Architecture.
User Interface Architecture.
An ETP-Based User Interface Architecture.
Key Processes in Practice.
User-Task Modeling: Requirements.
Extracting a Domain Concept Description: Analysis.
User Interface Design.
Implications for Usability Testing.
System Design and Implementation.
ETP Summary.
ETP and Ontological Drift.
Conclusion.
Acknowledgments.
References.

III. USE CASE-BASED DESIGN.

5. User Interface Design in the Rational Unified Process, Philippe Kruchten, Stefan Ahlqvist, and Stefan Bylund.

The Rational Unified Process.
The Structure of the Rational Unified Process.
Workers.
Activity.
Steps.
Artifacts.
Workflow.
Additional Process Elements.
Guidelines.
User Interface Design in the Rational Unified Process.
Use Cases.
Boundary Classes.
Workflow.
Worker: The User Interface Designer.
Artifact: The Use Case Storyboard.
Properties.
Timing.
Responsibility.
Activity: User Interface Modeling.
Artifact: The User Interface Prototype.
Purpose.
Timing.
Responsibility.
Activity: User Interface Prototyping.
Guidelines: Use Case Storyboard.
Describing the Flow of Events-Storyboard.
Desired Guidance.
Average Attribute Values and Volumes of Objects.
Average Action Usage.
Summary of the Flow of Events-Storyboard.
Creating Boundary Class Diagrams.
Creating Boundary Object Interaction Diagrams.
Complementing the Diagrams of a Use Case Storyboard.
Capturing Usability Requirements on the Use Case Storyboard.
Referring to the User Interface Prototype from the Use Case Storyboard.
Conclusion.
References.

6. Wisdom-Whitewater Interactive System Development with Object Models, Nuno Jardim Nunes and Joao Falcao e Cunha.

Introduction.
The Working Context: SSDs and Lightweight Techniques.
Chapter Structure.
Wisdom: Process, Architecture, and Notation.
The Wisdom Process.
The Wisdom Architecture.
The Wisdom Notation.
The Wisdom Method.
Requirements Workflow.
Analysis Workflow.
Design Workflow.
Wisdom and the CHI97 Metamodel.
Conclusion.
Acknowledgments.
References.

7. Structure and Style in Use Cases for User Interface Design, Larry L. Constantine and Lucy A. D. Lockwood.

Introduction.
Use Case Undefined.
Concrete and Essential Use Cases.
Notation.
Usage-Centered Design.
A Usage-Centered Process.
Task Modeling, Scenarios, and Use Cases.
Use Case Decomposition.
Use Case Narrative Style and User Interface Design.
Language and Structure in Models.
Common Narrative Styles.
Task Goals and User Intentions.
Structured Essential Use Cases.
Identity and Purpose.
Relationships.
Process.
Elements of Style in Structured Essential Narratives.
Objects.
Included Use Cases.
Conditional Interaction.
Partial Ordering.
Extensions.
Use Case Maps.
Representing Use Cases.
Representing Relationships.
Business Rules.
Recommendations.
References.

IV. USER-CENTERED DESIGN. CHAPTER = 8. A User-Centered Approach to Object-Oriented User Interface Design, Jan Gulliksen, Bengt Goeransson, and Magnus Lif.

Introduction.
Usability and User-Centered Design.
Design Methods and Tools.
Learning Object-Oriented Design.
Prototyping and Iterative Design.
System Development Processes.
ISO 13407: Human-Centered Design Processes for Interactive Systems.
The Rational Unified Process.
The Dynamic Systems Development Method.
Design in Context.
The Usability Designer.
User Interface Modeling.
Experiences in Promoting User-Centered Design at the Swedish National Tax Board.
Methods of Enhancing the User Interface Design Process.
Introducing User-Centered Design.
Obstacles to the Development Work.
Discussion.
References.
9. Toward Unified Models in User-Centered and Object-Oriented Design, William Hudson.
Introduction.
Why Bring User-Centered Design to UML?
Why Not Another New Method?
How Can UML Be Made User-Centered?
Survey of User-Centered Techniques and Methods.
Description of the Survey.
The User-Centered Top Ten.
User-Centered Techniques.
User-Centered Methods.
The Informal UML Method.
Perspectives.
Confusion over Use Cases.
No Separation of User and Domain Models.
No Deliberate User Interface Design.
Lack of Contextual Information.
No Usability Evaluation.
A Unified Approach to Use Cases and Scenarios.
Goal-Based Use Cases.
Scenarios Versus Use Cases.
Context of Use.
Essential Use Cases.
Use Cases as Requirements.
A User-Centered UML Method.
Incorporating the User-Centered Top Ten.
Modifying UML for UCD.
Applying UML Notation to UCD.
Comparisons with Other Use Case-Driven Methods.
Rational Unified Process.
Usage-Centered Design.
Conclusions.
The Benefits.
The Challenges.
The Future.
References.

V. SUMMARY.

10. Interactive System Design Using OO&HCI Methods, Mark van Harmelen.

Introduction.
Problems in Object-Oriented Practice.
OO&HCI Methods.
An HCI View of the Design of Interactive Systems.
Cognitive Engineering.
User-Centered Design and Human-Centered Design.
Model-Based User Interface Design.
System Visualization and Design Using Scenarios.
Describing Concrete User Interface Designs.
The Process of Interactive System Design.
Ensuring Design Quality.
HCI Summary.
Creating an Integrated OO&HCI Approach.
The Foundations of an Integrated Approach.
Characteristics of an OO&HCI Approach.
Activities in the OO&HCI Process.
Activities and Examples.
A Model of Interactive System Design.
Adopting an OO&HCI Approach.
Conclusion.
Acknowledgments.
References.

Glossary.
Bibliography.
Index.

Caractéristiques techniques

	PAPIER
Éditeur(s)	Addison Wesley
Auteur(s)	Mark Van Harmelen
Parution	01/05/2001
Nb. de pages	452
Format	18,7 x 23,2
Couverture	Broché
Poids	712g
Intérieur	Noir et Blanc
EAN13	9780201657890