Java secrets

Table of contents :
Preface ..... ix

Acknowledgments ..... xv

Part I: How Java Works ..... 1

Chapter 1: Introducing Java SECRETS ..... 3

A Little Knowledge Can Be a Dangerous Thing ..... 4
What's in This Book? ..... 4
Why Java Secrets? ..... 7
Where Did the Secrets Come From? ..... 8
What Versions of Java are Covered? ..... 11
Some Objections ..... 12
Summary ..... 17

Chapter 2: Primitive Data Types ..... 19

Bytes in Memory ..... 19
Variables, Values, and Identifiers ..... 21
Place-Value Number Systems ..... 22
Integers ..... 28
Floating-Point Numbers ..... 32
CHAR ..... 38
Boolean ..... 46
Cross-Platform Issues ..... 47
Conversions and Casting ..... 53
Bit-Level Operators ..... 57
Summary ..... 71

Chapter 3: Classes, Strings, and Arrays ..... 73

The Heap ..... 73
Pointers, Handles, and References ..... 75
The Class Class ..... 88
The Object Class ..... 93
Arrays ..... 99
Strings ..... 104
java.util Data Structures ..... 111
Summary ..... 125

Chapter 4: The Java Virtual Machine ..... 127

Reading Compiled Files ..... 127
Reading Class Files ..... 137
Putting it All Together ..... 165
Legal Issues ..... 180
Accessing Class Files ..... 183
Summary ..... 186

Chapter 5: Java Byte Code ..... 187

Byte Code Mnemonics ..... 188
Using Mnemonics in the Disassembler ..... 197
Stacks, Frames, and Pools ..... 207
The Opcodes ..... 216
Decompilers and Other Tools ..... 273
Summary ..... 275

Part II: The Sun Classes ..... 277

Chapter 6: Threads and Garbage Collection ..... 279

Threads ..... 280
Grabage Collection ..... 288
Summary ..... 294

Chapter 7: Controlling Applets ..... 295

What Is An Applet? ..... 295
Applets Are Components Too ..... 298
Stubs and Context ..... 306
Loading Classes ..... 321
Setting Security Policies ..... 331
Loading Applets from Web Pages ..... 341
Summary ..... 351

Chapter 8: Introducing the Sun Classes ..... 353

What the Sun Classes Are ..... 354
Why the Sun Classes Exist ..... 356
Using the Sun Classes Safely ..... 358
Summary ..... 368

Chapter 9: Using the Sun.Applet Classes to View Applets ..... 369

The sun.applet Package ..... 370
The AppletViewer Class ..... 371
The AppletPanel and AppletViewerPanel Classes ..... 377
The AppletClassLoader Class ..... 382
The AppletSecurity Class ..... 382
Support Classes ..... 392
Summary ..... 396

Chapter 10: Controlling Audio Playback with Sun.Audio ..... 399

AppletAudioClip ..... 400
AudioData ..... 401
AudioPlayer ..... 401
The Audio Streams ..... 402
AudioDevice ..... 408
The Process ..... 410
Putting It All Together ..... 411
Summary ..... 415

Chapter 11: Controlling the AWT with the Sun.Awt Package ..... 417

Aligning Objects with the sun.awt LayoutManagers ..... 417
FocusingTextField ..... 436
Controlling Screen Updating ..... 440
Summary ..... 443

Chapter 12: Encoding and Decoding Data with the Sun.Misc Package ..... 445

Coding Binary Data in ASCII ..... 446
The CharacterEncoder and CharacterDecoder Classes ..... 447
HexDump Encoding ..... 449
Base64 Encoding ..... 451
UUEncoding ..... 455
UCEncoding ..... 460
Creating New Encodings ..... 464
The CRC class ..... 470
Summary ..... 472

Chapter 13: Network Servers and Clients in the Sun.Net Package ..... 475

Writing Network Servers ..... 476
Writing Network Clients ..... 483
TransferProtocolClient ..... 487
Summary ..... 491

Chapter 14: Sending Mail with the Sun.Net.SMTP Package ..... 493

SmtpClient ..... 493
Choosing an SMTP Server ..... 498
Summary ..... 501

Chapter 15: Reading News via NNTP with the Sun.Net.NNTP Package ..... 503

NewsgroupInfo ..... 504
NntpClient ..... 505
Summary ..... 514

Chapter 16: Transferring Files with the Sun.Net.Ftp Package ..... 515

Overview of the sun.net.ftp Package ..... 515
The FTP Protocol ..... 516
The FtpClient Class ..... 521
Subclassing FtpClient ..... 526
Summary ..... 530

Chapter 17: Communicating with Web Servers ..... 531

Message Formats ..... 531
Tracking Downloads: Metered Streams ..... 552
sun.net.www.URLConnection ..... 554
sun.net.www.http ..... 555
sun.net.www.httpd and the BasicHttpServer ..... 565
Content Handlers ..... 567
Protocol Handlers ..... 572
Summary ..... 595

Part III: Platform-Dependent Java ..... 597

Chapter 18: Character Conversion with Sun.Io ..... 599

Available Conversions ..... 600
Using the Converters ..... 605
Direct Conversions ..... 605
Substitution Mode ..... 609
Summary ..... 619

Chapter 19: Mixed Language Programming with Native Methods ..... 621

Disadvantages ..... 623
Code in Java First ..... 626
The Java Native Method Interface ..... 631
Using Objects in Native Methods ..... 642
Determining at Runtime Whether Native Code Is Available ..... 670
Summary ..... 673

Chapter 20: Creating Stand-Alone Programs ..... 675

Writing Stand-Alone Programs for UNIX ..... 676
Creating Stand-Alone Programs for the MacOS ..... 684
Creating Stand-Alone Windows Programs ..... 691
Summary ..... 692

Part IV: Appendixes ..... 695

Appendix A: Class Defined in Index ..... 697

Appendix B: Method Defined in Index ..... 709

Appendix C: Sub-Class Index ..... 761

Appendix D: Interface Implemented by Index ..... 773

Appendix E: Class Returned by Index ..... 777

Appendix F: Class Passed to Index ..... 801

Appendix G: Sun Class Hierarchy Diagrams ..... 831

Appendix H: About the CD-ROM ..... 847

What Is Included on the CD-ROM ..... 848
A Word About the Programs ..... 849

Index ..... 853

IDG Books Worldwide, Inc. End-User License Agreement ..... 883